Kristie LeGore
CIS120
Assignment #6
1. Define or describe each of the terms.
Broadband connection- an internet connection such as DSL or a cable modem that offers higher bandwidth, and therefore faster transmission speed, than standard modem connections.
Client/server model- for internet applications, a client program asks for information, and a server program fields the request and provides the requested information from databases and documents. The client might reside on a personal computer or the host computer, and the server might reside on the same host computer or another host computer elsewhere on the network.
Cookies- small files deposited on a users hard disk by websites, enabling sites to remember what they know about their visitors between sessions.
DSL- (Digital Subscriber Line) a type of broadband connection to the internet offered by phone companies.
Extranet- a private TCP/IP network designed for outside use by customers, clients and business partners of an organization. These networks are typically for electronic commerce.
FTP- (File Transfer Protocol) a communications protocol that enables users to download files from remote servers to their computers and to upload files they want to share from their computers to these archives.
HTML- (Hypertext Markup Language) an HTML document is a text file that includes codes that describe the format, layout, and logical structure of a hypermedia document. Most web pages are created with HTML.
Hyperlink- a word, phrase, or picture that acts as a button, enabling the user to explore the web or a multimedia document with mouse clicks.
JavaScript- a web scripting language similar to, but otherwise unrelated to, java.
Newsgroup- ongoing public discussions on a particular subject consisting of notes written to a central internet site and redistributed through a worldwide newsgroup network called Usenet. You can check into and out of them whenever you want; all messages are posted on virtual bulletin boards for anyone to read anytime.
Packet switching- the standard technique used to send information over the internet. A message is broken into packets that travel independently from network to network toward their common destination, where they are reunited.
Spam- internet junk mail.
TCP/IP- (Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol) protocols developed as an experiment in internetworking, now the language of the internet, allowing cross-network communication for almost every type of computer and network.
URL- (Uniform Resource Locator) the address of a website.
World Wide Web- (WWW, Web) part of the internet, a collection of multimedia documents created by organizations and users world wide. Documents are linked in a hypertext web that allows users to explore them with simple mouse clicks.
2. Why it is hard to determine how big the Internet is today? Give several reasons.
The Internet is growing too fast to track. Millions of new
users connect to the Internet every year in the
3. Why are TCP/IP protocols so important to the functioning of the Internet?
What do they do?
They were developed as an experiment in internetworking to connect different types of networks and computer systems. The TCP/IP specifications were published as open standards and as result it became the “language” of the Internet allowing cross-network communication for almost every type of computer and network. The TCP protocols define a system similar in many ways to the postal system. The IP part defines the addressing system of the Internet.
4. How does the type of Internet connection influence the things you can do on the Internet?
A direct connection allows you to take full advantage of Internet services without dialing in; your files are stored on your computer, not on a remote host; and response time is a lot faster, making it possible to transfer large files quickly. If you are always connected, the Internet is available any time.
5. Explain the relationship between the client/server model and the fact that different users might experience different interfaces while accessing the same data.
In the client/server model, the client program asks for information and the server program fields the request and provides the requested information from databases and documents. Different people might access the same server using different client applications with different user interfaces. For example: a user with a direct connection might be using a web browser with a point and click interface to explore a particular server, another user with a dial up terminal connection might be typing UNIX commands and seeing only text on the screen, while another might be viewing the same data, a few words at a time, on a hand held PDA or mobile phone.
6. What do email and URL have in common?
They use the same domain naming scheme.
7. Why is netiquette so important? Give some examples of
netiquette.
It’s a set of rules
of etiquette that apply to the Internet and communication. For example: Say
what you mean, and say it with care, keep it short, proof read your messages,
don’t assume your anonymous and learn the “non verbal” language of the Net.
8. How might you use remote login while visiting another school? What about file transfer? How might the Web make remote login unnecessary?
You can remotely login through the intranet and transfer files through an extranet. Virtual private networks and digital signatures can be created to eliminate remote logins.
9. Why is file compression important to the Internet?
Because the rate of growth is so great and the amount of information transmitted may be more than the Net can handle.
10. Why is the World Wide Web important as a publishing medium? In what ways is the Web different from any publishing medium that’s ever existed before?
A typical internet offers email, newsgroups, file transfer, web publishing but not all of these services are available to people outside the organization. For example: Intranet web document might be accessible only to company employees and not to the entire Internet community.
11. Briefly describe several software tools that can be used to develop Web pages.
Sun, Hewlett Packard and IBM are using Java to build their cross-platform service tools. Microsoft’s .NET is being built using C#, a proprietary language that runs only on Windows platforms. The Free Software Foundation is working on a UNIX version of Microsoft’s .NET technology, hoping to keep .NET from being a proprietary system.
12. How does push technology differ from standard Web page delivery techniques? How is it used?
Push technology is technology in which information is delivered automatically to a client computer. The user subscribes to a service and the server delivers that information periodically and unobtrusively. Contrast with pull technology.
13. What new services are available as a result of the commercialization of the Internet? What new problems are arising as a result of that commercialization?
Online catalog sales, auctions, reverse auctions, comparison shopping, and financial services. Privacy and security concerns are raised in customers.